WORDS AND PHRASES (Parts of Speech)

Hello active learners! This time i want to share the very basic English material. So here we go...

There are eight words classes in English, sometimes called 'part of speech'

1. Verb : be, bring, decide, look, must, take, write
2. Noun : car, dog, idea, London, sadness, time
3. Adjective : big, different, high, natural
4. Adverb : badly, often, probably, soon
5. Determiner : a, every, my, the, this
6. Pronoun : him, myself, something, you
7. Conjunction : and, because, but, if
8. Preposition : at, by, to, with

Some words belong to more than one word class. Here are some examples.

promise (verb) : I promise I won't be late.

promise (noun) : I won't be late and that's a promise.

human (noun) : When did humans first land on the moon?

human (adjective) : We're defending our human rights.

that (determiner) : Look at that poster.

that (pronoun) : This is the car that I'd like.

that (conjunction) : I just know that it's true.

There are five kinds of phrase:

A VERB phrase has ordinary verb. There can also be one or more auxiliaries in front of the ordinary verb.

    was, arrives, can see, don't know, have been thinking

A NOUN phrase has a noun. There can also be a determiner and/or an adjective in front of the noun.

    music, some money, a good game

An ADJECTIVE phrase is often just an adjective. There can also be an adverb of degree in front of the adjective.

    great, very old, most ridiculous

An ADVERB phrase is often just an adverb. There can be an adverb of degree in front of the adverb.

    sometimes, very carefully.

A PREPOSITIONAL phrase is a preposition + noun phrase.

    on the road, by Friday, for a long time

Source: Oxford Learner's Pocket Grammar Book by John Eastwood. 2008. Oxford University Press.

That's all for today, keep learning everyday, every time, everywhere!

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